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မိူင်းဝႄႇၼေႇၸွႆးလႃး

မႄးထတ်းႁဵင်းၵွင်ႉ
လုၵ်ႉတီႈ ဝီႇၶီႇၽီးတီးယႃး ဢၼ်လွတ်ႈလႅဝ်းထၢင်ႇႁၢင်ႈ ၼၼ်ႉမႃး
မိူင်းၸွမ်ပွင်ၸိုင်ႈ ပူဝ်ႇလီဝႃႇရီးယႅၼ်း ဝႄႇၼေႇၸွႆးလႃး
República Bolivariana de Venezuela (Spanish)
Flag of ဝႄႇၼေႇၸွႆးလႃး
Coat of arms of ဝႄႇၼေႇၸွႆးလႃး
ၸွမ်ပိဝ် မိၵ်ႈမၢႆ
ၶေႃႈၶၼ်ပၢၵ်ႇ: Dios y Federación
("God and Federation")
ၽဵင်းၸိူဝ်ႉၸၢတ်ႈ: Gloria al Bravo Pueblo (Spanish)
("Glory to the Brave People")
Territory controlled by Venezuela shown in dark green; territory claimed but not controlled shown in light green
ဝဵင်းလူင်
and largest city
Caracas
10°28′50″N 66°54′13″W / 10.48056°N 66.90361°W / 10.48056; -66.90361
ၽႃႇသႃႇဢၼ်ပဵၼ်တၢင်းၵၢၼ်Spanish[b]
Recognized regional languages
ၸုမ်းၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်း
(2011)[1]
သႃႇသၼႃႇ
(2020)[2]
  • 5.5% no religion
  • 1.1% Spiritism
  • 0.8% other
ၵူၼ်းၶိူဝ်းငဝ်ႈမိူင်းVenezuelan
လူင်ပွင်ၸိုင်ႈFederal presidential republic under an authoritarian[မၢႆတွင်း 1] dictatorship[မၢႆတွင်း 2]
• President
Nicolás Maduro
Delcy Rodríguez
ၸုမ်းသၢင်ႈၵူတ်းမၢႆNational Assembly
Independence from Spain
• Declared
5 July 1811
• from Gran Colombia
13 January 1830
• Recognized
29 March 1845
20 December 1999[16]
လႅၼ်တီႈ
• ႁူမ်ႈလေႃး
916,445[17] km2 (353,841 sq mi) (32nd)
• ၼမ်ႉ (%)
3.2%[d]
ႁူဝ်ၼပ်ႉၵူၼ်းမိူင်း
• 2023 estimate
Neutral increase 30,518,260[18] (53rd)
• Density
33.74/km2 (87.4/sq mi) (144th)
GDP (PPP)2023 estimate
• ႁူမ်ႈလေႃး
Increase $211.926 billion[19] (81st)
• Per capita
Increase $7,985[19] (159th)
GDP (nominal)2023 estimate
• ႁူမ်ႈလေႃး
Increase $92.210 billion[19] (94th)
• Per capita
Increase $3,474[19] (145th)
Gini (2013)Negative increase 44.8[20]
medium inequality
HDI (2022)Increase 0.699[21]
medium (119th)
ယူင်ႉငိုၼ်းတွင်းVenezuelan bolívar (VED) (official)
United States dollar (USD) (de facto recognised, unofficial)
ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းUTC−04:00 (VET)
ပိူင်ဝၼ်းထိdd/mm/yyyy (CE)
ပိူင်ႁေႃႈလူတ်ႉRight
ၶူတ်ႉႁွင်ႉၽူၼ်း+58
ဢိၼ်ႇထႃႇၼႅတ်ႉ TLD.ve
  1. ^ The "Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela" has been the full official title since the adoption of the Constitution of 1999, when the state was renamed in honor of Simón Bolívar.
  2. ^ The Constitution also recognizes all indigenous languages spoken in the country.
  3. ^ Some important subgroups include those of Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Amerindian, African, Arab and German descent.
  4. ^ Area totals include only Venezuelan-administered territory.
  5. ^ On 1 October 2021, a new bolivar was introduced, the Bolívar digital (ISO 4217 code VED) worth 1,000,000 VES.

မၢႆတွင်း

[မႄးထတ်း | မႄးထတ်းငဝ်ႈငႃႇ]
  1. ↑ Venezuela has been described as authoritarian by multiple sources.[3][4][5][6][7]
  2. ↑ Venezuela has been described as a dictatorship by multiple sources.[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]

ၽိုၼ်ဢိင်

[မႄးထတ်း | မႄးထတ်းငဝ်ႈငႃႇ]
  1. ↑ "Resultado Básico del XIV Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda 2011 (Mayo 2014)" (PDF). ine.gov.ve. p. 29. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 August 2019. Retrieved 8 September 2014.
  2. ↑ "National Profiles". Archived from the original on 13 October 2022. Retrieved 13 October 2022.
  3. ↑ မီးလွင်ႈၽိတ်းပိူင်ႈ : Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Isidoro LosadaBitar Deeb2022
  4. ↑ Corrales, Javier (2020). "Authoritarian Survival: Why Maduro Hasn't Fallen". Journal of Democracy 31 (3): 39–53. Project Muse. doi:10.1353/jod.2020.0044. ISSN 1086-3214. 
  5. ↑ "The Path Toward Authoritarianism in Venezuela", Political Science, Oxford University Press, 30 October 2019, doi:10.1093/obo/9780199756223-0286, ISBN 978-0-19-975622-3
  6. ↑ Corrales, J. (2022). Autocracy Rising: How Venezuela Transitioned to Authoritarianism, G - Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary Subjects Series. Brookings Institution Press, intro. ISBN 978-0-8157-3807-7. 
  7. ↑ "Battling Authoritarian Regimes in Venezuela and Beyond: A Conversation with Venezuelan Opposition Leader Leopoldo López". David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies. 25 April 2022. Archived from the original on 13 January 2023. Retrieved 13 January 2023.
  8. ↑ Turkewitz, Julie (30 July 2024). "What Happened to Venezuela's Democracy?". The New York Times (in American English). ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 30 July 2024. Retrieved 2 August 2024.
  9. ↑ Roy, Diana; Cheatham, Amelia (31 July 2024). "Venezuela: The Rise and Fall of a Petrostate". Council on Foreign Relations (in American English). Archived from the original on 8 August 2024. Retrieved 8 August 2024. The reforms paved the way for Maduro to establish a dictatorship years after Chávez's death.
  10. ↑ Corrales, Javier. "Venezuela's Odd Transition to Dictatorship". Americas Quarterly. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 10 December 2016.
  11. ↑ Brodzinsky, Sibylla (21 October 2016). "Venezuelans warn of 'dictatorship' after officials block bid to recall Maduro". The Guardian (in British English). Archived from the original on 9 December 2016. Retrieved 10 December 2016.
  12. ↑ "Almagro: Maduro se transforma en dictador por negarles a venezolanos derecho a decidir su futuro". CNN en Español (in Spanish). 24 August 2016. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 10 December 2016.
  13. ↑ မီးလွင်ႈၽိတ်းပိူင်ႈ : Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named reuters-maduro
  14. ↑ မီးလွင်ႈၽိတ်းပိူင်ႈ : Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named hrw-maduro
  15. ↑ မီးလွင်ႈၽိတ်းပိူင်ႈ : Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named wpo-maduro
  16. ↑ "Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)'s Constitution of 1999 with Amendments through 2009" (PDF). constituteproject.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 October 2021. Retrieved 21 October 2020.
  17. ↑ "Venezuela country profile". BBC News. 4 December 2023. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  18. ↑ မီးလွင်ႈၽိတ်းပိူင်ႈ : Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ciawfb
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Venezuela)". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. 10 October 2023. Archived from the original on 8 November 2023. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
  20. ↑ "Income Gini coefficient". undp.org. United Nations Development Programme. Archived from the original on 10 June 2010. Retrieved 21 September 2015.
  21. ↑ "Human Development Report 2023/2024" (PDF) (in English). United Nations Development Programme. 13 March 2024. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 March 2024. Retrieved 13 March 2024.
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